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# 001 — Why backing up an agent is so hard
**Status:** Research
**Tags:** Technical, Backups, DevOps
## Research notes
### Real filesystem changes — from clean start through all speed-runs
#### Snapshot 1: After one week of basic work (original data)
```
504.6M ./usr
43.3M ./var
448.9M ./root
54.0K ./etc
996.8M total
```
Home-dir-only backup would capture 448.9M (45%) — already missing 55% of what changed.
#### Snapshot 2: After all speed-run setups including competitor profiling (current)
```
4.3G ./usr ← 8.5× growth from 504.6M
487.0M ./var ← 11.2× growth from 43.3M
2.1G ./root ← 4.7× growth from 448.9M
1.9M ./etc ← 35× growth from 54K
6.8G total ← 6.8× growth from 996.8M
```
**Home-dir-only backup now captures 2.1G (31%) — missing 69% of what changed.**
#### What accounted for the growth (drill-down)
| Location | Size | What | Speed-Run Trigger |
|----------|------|------|-------------------|
| `/usr/local/lib` | 2.3G | Hermes runtime, node_modules, python3.11 libs | Hermes Agent installation |
| `/root/.npm/_cacache` | 390M | npm package cache | Node.js tooling for Hermes |
| `/root/.hermes` | 412M | 19 skills, 1 plugin, 2 cron jobs, memories, config | All speed-runs |
| `/root/.cache/huggingface` | 142M | HuggingFace model weights | STT / model download |
| `/root/.cache/uv` | 186M | UV Python package cache | Hermes venv management |
| `/var/cache/apt` | 379M | Debian package cache | System dependencies |
| `/var/lib/apt` | 80M | APT package state | System dependencies |
| `/usr/local/bin` | 28M | Executables (hermes CLI, etc.) | Hermes Agent installation |
| `/root/.config` | 475K | App configs | Misc tools |
| `/etc` | 1.9M | System config (hostname, apt sources, etc.) | OS configuration |
**Total blog content created:** 5 posts (Odoo, Hermes setup, competitor profiling, cold email, mobile.de research)
### What this means for the post
- Agent environments are not just config files — they're full Linux systems with packages, services, and state scattered everywhere
- "Backup your home directory" is dangerously incomplete advice for AI agents
- The sprawl gets **worse** over time: after one week, 55% outside /root; after 3 speed-runs, 69% outside /root
- Each new skill, plugin, model download, or cron job adds state in a different directory
- Derez.ai's full-disk snapshot approach is the right solution — it captures everything, not just /root
- This is a strong selling point: the agent works after restore, not just the config
### Outline
1. **The sprawl problem** — why agents are harder to back up than a standard server
*Include the dual snapshot comparison table (Week 1 vs After Speed-Runs)*
2. **Real data from a real agent** — walk through the 6.8G of state and where it lives
3. **The 69% problem** — what you lose with a home-dir-only backup
4. **How Borg/deduplicated snapshots solve it**
5. **How Derez.ai does it automatically** (one-click restore, full-disk snapshots)
6. **Better save than sorry** — the selling point with real numbers
### References
- Borg backup docs
- Hermes Agent directory structure (~/.hermes/)
- Speed Run: Competitor Profiling (derez.ai/blog/posts/speed-run-competitor-profiling.html) — the speed-run that pushed the system past 1G
- Full filesystem analysis: `du -sch /usr /var /root /etc` before and after speed-runs