Cleanup: fix 2,659 dead internal URLs, repair canonicals, drop dead host leftovers

No visible change — links, canonicals and dead tags only.

- 155 path rewrites (case drift from the provider move): /Odoo-Hosting/ ->
  /odoo-hosting/, /odoo-ai/ -> /odoo-ia/, /Odoo/... -> /odoo/...; applied in
  href/src, og:url and JSON-LD alike. The origin is case-sensitive, so these
  were live 404s.
- canonicals: 93 pointed at a case variant that 404s, 43 pointed at a path that
  no longer exists; the first now point at the real URL, the second are
  self-canonical. Cross-locale canonicals were left alone (strategy, not a bug).
- removed 1,197 dead <link rel=alternate icon href=/favicon.ico> (file never
  existed), 96 dead /styles/*.css links (Next.js leftovers) and 3
  /_vercel/insights scripts (previous host's analytics).
- deleted unused duplicates: index-optimized.html, index-performance.html,
  add-performance.html, a 2.1 MB duplicate portrait, and the old build scripts
  (server-upstash*.js, server-optimized.js, minify-assets.js, optimize-all.js,
  fix-canonicals.ps1).

broken internal links: 4,029 -> 1,370 occurrences.

en/odoo/odoo-bolivia-implementacion-local-2025/index.html

@@ -4,8 +4,7 @@
     <meta charset="UTF-8">
     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
     <link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="/favicon.svg">
-    <link rel="alternate icon" href="/favicon.ico">
-    <title>Odoo Bolivia Implementacion Local 2025 | Odoo Expertos · EN</title>
+<title>Odoo Bolivia Implementacion Local 2025 | Odoo Expertos · EN</title>
     
     <!-- Canonical URL -->
     <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.odoo-expertos.com/odoo/odoo-bolivia-implementacion-local-2025/">
@@ -28,12 +27,7 @@
     <meta name="author" content="Equipo Odoo Expertos">
     
     <!-- Global Styles for Header/Footer/Cookie Banner -->
-    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/styles/globals.css">
-    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/styles/components/header.css">
-    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/styles/components/footer.css">
-    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/styles/components/cookie-banner.css">
-    
-    <!-- Fonts -->
+<!-- Fonts -->
     <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com">
     <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin>
     <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Inter:wght@400;500;600;700;800&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">